Biosurfactants as Multifunctional Remediation Agents of Environmental Pollutants Generated by the Petroleum Industry

Fuel and oil spills during the exploration, refining, distribution of petrochemicals are primarily responsible for accumulation organic pollutants in environment. The reduction contamination caused by hydrocarbons, heavy metals, oily effluents, particulate matter generated industrial activities efficient recovery at great depths an environmentally friendly way pose a challenge, as cleaning processes require direct application surface-active agents, detergents, degreasers, or solvents, often generating other environmental problems due to toxicity these substances. Thus, natural agents is attractive solution. Due their amphipathic structures, microbial surfactants solubilize through formation small aggregates (micelles) that disperse water, with numerous applications petroleum industry. Biosurfactants have proven usefulness solubilizing trapped rock, which prerequisite enhanced (EOR). also important biotechnological anti-corrosion processes, preventing incrustations biofilms on metallic surfaces, used formulations emulsifiers/demulsifiers, facilitate transport pipelines, innovative use can reduce generation from synthetic detergents chemical solvents without sacrificing economic gains Therefore, investments essential. It predicted that, not-too-distant future, will become viable standpoint dominate world market. biosurfactants settings would lead growth sustainability. main goal this paper provide overview diverse remediation, biotechnology, industry scientific literature review.